This commemorative volume contains the presentations of leading scientific figures across disciplines that gathered to celebrate the centennial of the publication "Textura del sistema nervioso del hombre y de los vertebra-dos" written in 1899 by Santiago Ramon y Cajal (Madrid N. Moya: 1899-1904). This text is considered to be the masterpiece of Spanish science and perhaps the most influential work in the history of neuroscience. Proceedings of a November-December 1999 conference.